An analysis by the U.S.-Cuba Trade and Economic Council reveals that the executive order signed by Trump on May 1, 2026, is not solely aimed at the Cuban regime. Instead, it casts a wider net, with Europe—and particularly Spain—emerging as significant secondary targets.
The 2,143-word document is metaphorically described as a "political storm cloud" hovering not only over Cuba but extending its reach to other nations, particularly those with ties to the Cuban government.
The executive order took effect immediately and without prior notice to prevent rapid asset transfers. It freezes assets of foreign individuals linked to crucial Cuban sectors and imposes secondary sanctions on financial institutions doing business with them.
The analysis points to the European Union as the "weakest link" in the chain of response, recalling the 2019 incident when Brussels vowed to seek legal counsel in the U.S. over the activation of Title III of the Helms-Burton Act but failed to follow through.
This lack of action, the analysis suggests, ensures that the White House has "nothing to fear in terms of reprisals" for the new order. Rather than deterring Trump, statements of opposition serve as political fuel.
Within Europe, Spain is identified as the most vulnerable nation. According to the analysis, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez finds himself "squarely in Trump's political crosshairs."
Spain and Meliá Hotels: Under the Microscope
Meliá Hotels International, based in Palma de Mallorca, is the most exposed company, operating 33 hotels in Cuba under long-term management contracts with Gaviota. It stands as the largest foreign hotel operator on the island.
Since 2021, its CEO, Gabriel Escarrer, and around 20 executives have been banned from entering the U.S. under Title IV of Helms-Burton, and the company faces approximately 6,000 claims valued at nearly 8 billion euros.
The analysis explicitly notes that Meliá and Spanish financial institutions could be targeted "not necessarily for legitimate violations of the executive order, but for the satisfaction Trump would derive from pressuring Sánchez."
Rising Tensions Between Trump and Sánchez
The strain between the two leaders dates back to March 2026, when Spain denied the use of its military bases in Rota and Morón for Trump's "Epic Fury" operation against Iran. This prompted Trump to threaten cutting "all trade" with Spain and label it a "terrible ally."
Following this crisis, Spain closed its airspace to operations related to the Iranian conflict, further escalating diplomatic tensions.
In April, Sánchez spearheaded an international progressive coalition in Barcelona aimed directly at countering Trump's policies.
The May 1 order is part of an ongoing pressure strategy since January 2025: over 240 sanctions against the Cuban regime, an 80-90% reduction in the island's oil imports, and power outages lasting up to 25 hours daily across more than 55% of the territory.
The Economist Intelligence Unit forecasts a 7.2% economic contraction for Cuba in 2026.
The upcoming G7 summit in June, hosted by France with Spain present by tradition despite not being a member, is anticipated to be the next arena for confrontation.
According to the analysis, Trump is "eagerly anticipating a showdown with Prime Minister Sánchez."
Frequently Asked Questions About Trump's Executive Order
What is the main focus of Trump's executive order?
While the executive order primarily targets Cuba, it also extends its reach globally, with a particular focus on Europe and Spain.
How does the order affect Meliá Hotels International?
Meliá Hotels faces significant exposure due to its operations in Cuba, with its executives banned from entering the U.S. and the company facing numerous financial claims.
Why is Spain particularly vulnerable to this order?
Spain's vulnerability stems from its economic ties with Cuba and the political tensions between Prime Minister Sánchez and President Trump.
What are the anticipated economic impacts on Cuba?
The Economist Intelligence Unit predicts a 7.2% economic contraction for Cuba in 2026 due to the ongoing pressure from U.S. sanctions.