A hepatitis A outbreak appears to be spreading across various regions in eastern Cuba, particularly in Santiago de Cuba, amidst severe sanitation issues, garbage accumulation, sewer system failures, and the deterioration of the potable water infrastructure, according to warnings from those areas.
Journalist Yosmany Mayeta Labrada reported on Facebook that the disease is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route in this territory, often via the consumption of water or food contaminated with microscopic fecal matter—a daily risk for city residents given the current health conditions.
The situation is compounded by the lack of regular solid waste collection, aged and overflowing sewer networks, and potential cross-contamination between sewage and drinking water pipes.
Escalating Sanitation Challenges
Adding to the crisis is the proliferation of vectors such as flies, cockroaches, and rodents, alongside the scarcity of basic hygiene products including bleach and detergent.
Experts caution that this environment is ripe for the spread of infectious diseases, particularly hepatitis A, which poses a greater threat to communities with low levels of environmental sanitation, as highlighted in the report.
Mayeta noted that cases have been identified in several healthcare areas within the Santiago de Cuba municipality, including clinics serving children.
Additionally, CiberCuba verified an increase in hepatitis A diagnoses in the province of Las Tunas since October.
Preventive Measures Urged
Health authorities consulted by Mayeta emphasize the need to intensify preventive measures while current conditions persist. These include boiling and chlorinating water before consumption, frequent handwashing, properly cleaning fruits and vegetables, and avoiding the consumption of raw foods in places with poor hygiene standards.
Understanding the Hepatitis A Outbreak in Cuba
What is causing the hepatitis A outbreak in Santiago de Cuba?
The outbreak is largely due to severe sanitation issues, including poor waste management, sewer system failures, and cross-contamination of water supplies with sewage.
How is hepatitis A transmitted?
Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often by consuming contaminated water or food.
What preventive measures are recommended for residents?
Residents are advised to boil and chlorinate water, wash hands frequently, clean fruits and vegetables thoroughly, and avoid raw foods in unsanitary areas.