Elián González Brotons, a member of Cuba’s National Assembly, expressed optimism that numerous emigrants will be eager to return once the country’s economy begins to recover. According to González, the massive exodus of Cubans in recent years is primarily driven by economic factors. He believes that once the economic crisis is resolved, many will come back, emphasizing the deep-rooted patriotism and familial bonds among Cubans.
These remarks were made in Mexico City during the IX Continental Meeting of Solidarity with Cuba, held from October 9 to 12. The event, attended by González alongside Aleida Guevara, was viewed as a political and symbolic gesture to uphold the revolutionary message across generations.
González also reiterated the regime’s stance that the United States embargo is the main obstacle to the island’s development, dismissing claims that the country’s issues stem from its political system. "Cuba is not a failed state; it is under severe attack," he asserted. He further highlighted the importance of youth involvement in Cuba’s Parliament, advocating for their significant contribution to discussions on key social issues. The state, he argued, encourages young people to engage in decision-making processes at all levels.
Known globally for his involvement in a high-profile custody case with the United States back in 2000, González credited his return to Cuba to the pivotal role of international solidarity. He fondly recalled Fidel Castro’s (1926-2016) belief in winning global public opinion as essential.
In 2024 alone, more than 250,000 Cubans left the island, according to the National Office of Statistics and Information (ONEI). This year was marked by the lowest birth rate in six decades, a rise in deaths, and a persistent decline in population compared to 2023. Independent studies, like that of economist Juan Carlos Albizu-Campos, suggest this number exceeds 545,000 emigrants in a single year, projecting Cuba’s actual population to have dropped to just over eight million—a 24% decrease since 2020.
Antonio Ajas, director of the Center for Demographic Studies at the University of Havana, stated in June that understanding migration and seeking a return or reconnection with Cubans abroad who wish to come back is crucial. Yet, the long-awaited reunification of the Cuban nation remains delayed due to structural issues perpetuating the exodus: poverty, political repression, and a multifaceted crisis suffocating the country.
The regime leverages the diaspora to sustain the island, relying on remittances and the sale of essential goods in convertible currencies at exorbitant prices to finance the ruling elite’s needs. In truth, Cuba is held hostage by an authoritarian and exclusionary political system that impoverishes the vast majority of the population and has torn apart countless families, leaving many Cubans exiled, unable to return for fear of persecution over their beliefs.
Key Questions about Cuba’s Migration and Political Situation
What is the primary reason for the recent Cuban exodus?
The massive outflow of Cubans in recent years is mainly attributed to economic hardships.
How does Elián González view the role of the United States embargo?
Elián González considers the U.S. embargo as the key hindrance to Cuba’s development, rather than the country’s political system.
What demographic challenges is Cuba currently facing?
Cuba is facing a decline in population due to a low birth rate, increased emigration, and a rise in the number of deaths.