The social media influencer Kleydis Chong conducted interviews with young people on the streets of Havana. When posed with the question, "Are you planning to leave the country?", one young man's response captured the sentiments of many on the island. "Right now... Who isn't planning to leave the country?" he responded to the camera with a resigned smile filled with uncertainty. He further clarified, "Having plans doesn't mean having possibilities. They are two very different things."
The young Cuban explained that while he might have everything planned to leave, he emphasized that new economic and migration barriers in Cuba make it challenging for many to actually make their dream of freedom a reality. Among the countries he considered for emigration were Nicaragua, Mexico, Uruguay, or Brazil, though he ruled out Brazil due to the language barrier.
Graduated in veterinary zootechnics in 2024, he currently works in dog grooming and practices photography as a hobby. However, he admits that his earnings barely cover essential living expenses.
Severe Migration and Demographic Crisis in Cuba
Data from the National Office of Statistics and Information (ONEI) indicates that the country lost over 300,000 residents in 2024 and is experiencing the lowest birth rate in decades. The effective population of Cuba has decreased to 10,055,968 people. Between 2021 and 2023, the net migration was -1,005,006 individuals.
During that period, over a million Cubans left the country, while only 6,263 immigrants arrived on the island. This is compounded by a negative natural balance, with more deaths than births.
Although the regime acknowledges the need to curb the exodus, it has yet to implement effective measures to reverse this trend. Testimonies like that of this young man echo the feelings of a generation shaped by uncertainty and the need to seek opportunities outside of Cuba, a nation marked by shortages, inflation, political repression, and a lack of freedoms.
Understanding Cuba's Current Migration Issues
Why are so many young Cubans considering leaving the country?
Many young Cubans are contemplating leaving due to economic hardships, limited opportunities, political repression, and a general lack of freedom in the country.
What challenges do Cubans face when trying to emigrate?
Cubans face significant economic and migration barriers, including new regulations and financial constraints, making it difficult to leave the country.
What are the potential destinations for Cuban emigrants?
Potential destinations mentioned by those considering emigration include Nicaragua, Mexico, Uruguay, and Brazil, although language barriers may be a concern.