At the heart of El Vedado, on the corner of Paseo and 15th Street, stands one of Cuba's most distinctive residential landmarks: the mansion of Pablo González de Mendoza. This architectural masterpiece, crafted by Leonardo Morales y Pedroso between 1916 and 1918, encapsulates the aspirations of Havana's elite during its era, and is a prime example of the "Morales Style" or "Vedado Style."
Origins of Ownership: Who Commissioned the Mansion?
Pablo González de Mendoza, a prominent figure among Havana's upper class in the early 20th century, commissioned the construction of this residence to embody comfort, prestige, and elegance. According to the blog Historia de Cuba, González de Mendoza Pedroso was originally from Spain and in 1911, he established the Banco Mendoza y Compañía, where he served as the sole owner and president until his death in 1952. He was also the founder of the Banco Hipotecario Mendoza, a commercial institution with its main office located in the Palacio de Aldama, ranked 24th among Cuban banks with deposits totaling $4,900,000. The legacy of this wealthy businessman is forever tied to a home that became a symbol of architectural sophistication and the thoughtful urban design that has distinguished El Vedado since the late 19th century.
Architectural Significance: What Makes the Mansion Unique?
The mansion is renowned for its harmonious blend of classical restraint and functional innovation. Its exterior showcases flat roofs alongside tiled ones, with volumes that interplay with expansive gardens, designed as sanctuaries for contemplation. Inside, the house seamlessly integrates with the surrounding landscaped spaces, creating a fluid transition from private to public areas. This effect is enhanced by terraces, staircases, and pathways within the estate, contributing to the rhythm and depth of this luxurious Cuban mansion.
In the foyer, a semi-circular marble staircase stands as a central design feature, illuminated by a stained glass window that diffuses light. Two interconnected salons lead to the terraces, reinforcing the sense of spaciousness and continuity. What truly sets this mansion apart, as noted by the Office of the Historian, is its indoor Pompeian pool—the first of its kind in Cuba. Inspired by the impluvium of Roman homes, this feature was a later addition to the original design. Its skylight, supported by painted wooden beams, alongside its classical design, provided a multifunctional space that could transform into a ballroom on special occasions, thanks to a system of removable planks—an era-defining luxury reflecting the creativity and refinement of its creators.
Preservation and Current Use
The Historical Photographic Archive of the Office of the Historian of the City of Havana holds a valuable collection of images of this residence, captured by photographer Luis A. Quintero Framil. These photographs offer a detailed view of the home's aesthetic evolution and its excellent state of preservation. Years ago, CiberCuba had the opportunity to visit this iconic property and document its well-preserved interior, complete with original furniture, stained glass, and architectural details that have withstood the test of time.
Today, the mansion is maintained by the British Embassy in Havana, serving as the residence of the United Kingdom's ambassador to Cuba. This fortunate circumstance ensures its upkeep and preservation as part of El Vedado's architectural heritage—an opportunity missed by other once-grand mansions in the capital that now lie in ruins, despite their place in Cuban architectural history.
Exploring the Architectural Heritage of El Vedado
Who was Pablo González de Mendoza?
Pablo González de Mendoza was a prominent figure in Havana's elite during the early 20th century. Originally from Spain, he founded the Banco Mendoza y Compañía and was involved in banking until his death in 1952.
What is significant about the mansion's architecture?
The mansion is noted for its blend of classical and functional design, with unique features such as a semi-circular marble staircase, a stained glass window, and Cuba's first indoor Pompeian pool.
How is the mansion maintained today?
Currently, the mansion is cared for by the British Embassy in Havana, as it serves as the residence of the UK's ambassador in Cuba, ensuring its preservation as part of El Vedado's architectural heritage.