In recent years, the Democratic Memory Law, which includes the so-called "Grandchildren's Law," has enabled hundreds of thousands of Cubans to reclaim or acquire Spanish nationality through family ties. This legislation, effective until October of this year, has already prompted a significant number of these new citizens to relocate to Spain, with others planning to follow suit soon.
For those considering making the move, the Spanish government has released an updated version of its Return Guide. This official document outlines the procedures, rights, and assistance available for Spaniards returning from abroad.
Important Steps Before Departing
It is advisable to seek information from the Consulate or the Labor, Migration, and Social Security Offices in your country of residence for personalized guidance. Additionally, requesting a consular deregistration can expedite processes such as customs clearance and verify your duration of residence outside Spain. Ensure you have all employment documentation, including contracts, contribution certificates, or work permits, which will be necessary for applying for benefits.
Upon Arrival in Spain
Registering with the local council is essential as it updates your status in the electoral roll and grants access to rights and assistance. Obtaining a National Identity Document (DNI) is mandatory for residents over the age of 14. Acquiring a returned emigrant certificate is crucial for accessing certain subsidies and benefits, particularly if you're coming from non-EU countries or those without unemployment agreements.
Available Rights and Benefits
The subsidy for returned emigrants is aimed at those who are not entitled to contributory benefits and have worked at least 12 months in the past six years in non-EU countries without unemployment agreements with Spain. There is also an extraordinary need-based aid to cover return-related expenses, such as housing, for low-income individuals. Health care benefits are available to workers, pensioners, or registered unemployed individuals. For those over 65 who do not meet the requirements for non-contributory pensions, an old-age assistance pension is available.
Education and Credential Recognition
The guide details how to homologate degrees and access scholarships, as well as youth mobility programs, including agreements with countries like Canada, Japan, and Australia.
In conclusion, returning to Spain is a process that demands careful planning and documentation preparation but offers access to rights, benefits, and opportunities for social and professional integration. The Return Guide becomes an essential tool for new Spanish citizens of Cuban origin to take this step with the best possible information and institutional support.
FAQs About Returning to Spain for Cubans with Spanish Citizenship
What is the "Grandchildren's Law" and how does it affect Cubans?
The "Grandchildren's Law" is part of the Democratic Memory Law that allows Cubans to reclaim or acquire Spanish nationality through their familial connections. This law has opened the door for many Cubans to become Spanish citizens.
What documents are necessary before moving to Spain?
Before moving, you should gather employment documents such as contracts and contribution certificates, seek advice from the Consulate, and request a consular deregistration. These documents are crucial for accessing benefits and simplifying the move.
What benefits are available to returning emigrants?
Returning emigrants may be eligible for subsidies if they have worked in certain countries, need-based assistance for housing, healthcare benefits for registered unemployed individuals, and pensions for those over 65 without non-contributory benefits.