A troubling video is making waves on social media, showing a young Cuban man clearly affected by a drug known as "the chemical." The footage captures him sitting on a sidewalk, surrounded by trash, with his head down and exhibiting erratic movements, indicating his intoxicated state. The person recording can be heard approaching him, saying, "Hey, my friend, what's up? You're gonna end up in the trash, man."
Alongside the video, a message urges, "Think about your life and your family. This gives you nothing! You're ruining your lives, man. Drop that crap that gives you nothing but filth, discomfort for your folks, and ends your life." Some viewers identified the location as the Bahía neighborhood in Havana's East municipality.
One commenter expressed disbelief, saying, "I can't believe that's Lázaro Martínez," a sentiment echoed by others who seemed to recognize the young man in the distressing footage. Additional comments criticized those involved, stating, "They're all a mess. They steal from family and neighbors to get that garbage"; "The chemical has all the kids sick, for God's sake"; and "Shame on the one filming and the other for consuming that garbage. They're killing themselves!"
A local resident recounted seeing three young individuals in a similar state behind the Vía Túnel market, suspecting they came from nearby shelters. She noted it was around noon.
The Rise of "The Chemical" Addiction in Cuba
In recent months, numerous videos have surfaced, many of them shocking, showing young people experiencing severe physical reactions after consuming this dangerous synthetic drug. In late April, a case emerged of a young man writhing in the street, making strange guttural noises. In February, another video from Egido Street in Old Havana showed a young man lying motionless under the influence of the same drug.
This drug is sold in impregnated papers and has been linked to multiple poisonings in Cuban healthcare facilities. The adverse effects range from hallucinations and rapid heartbeat to multi-organ failure and the risk of death.
Cuban doctors categorize "the chemical" as part of synthetic cannabinoids, substances crafted to mimic marijuana but with significantly greater potency and toxicity. Reports indicate it includes compounds like formaldehyde—used in mortuaries—hospital anesthetics, and even tea remnants to reduce costs and amplify effects.
These substances can cause extreme convulsions, severe hallucinations, and irreversible neurological damage. "The chemical" has also been tied to increased violent episodes, drug-induced psychosis, and self-destructive behaviors.
Experts from the Ministry of the Interior (MININT) acknowledge a new deadly version of this substance circulating in Cuba, containing potent elements like fentanyl—a powerful opioid linked to tens of thousands of overdose deaths worldwide—along with formaldehyde, animal anesthetics, benzodiazepines, and phenobarbital.
Despite authorities conducting raids and arrests related to this drug's trafficking, its accessibility remains widespread due to low costs and distribution through schools, peripheral neighborhoods, and informal networks. In February, the Ministry of Justice announced the creation of the National Drug Observatory (OND), with an early warning system to identify new substances and monitor consumption and trafficking trends, supported by the Police and Customs.
Recent months have seen several high-profile trials resulting in hefty prison sentences for drug possession and sales. However, many Cubans view this approach as insufficient, limited to repression and seizure. Civil organizations and families of addicts advocate for addressing the issue from a public health perspective, with prevention campaigns, specialized medical assistance, and emergency protocols for severe intoxications.
Medical and social organizations also call for urgent awareness campaigns and the establishment of accessible and effective rehabilitation centers for those struggling with addiction.
Understanding the Impact of "The Chemical" in Cuba
What is "the chemical" drug in Cuba?
"The chemical" is a synthetic cannabinoid, designed to mimic marijuana but with much greater potency and toxicity. It often includes dangerous compounds like formaldehyde, anesthetics, and sometimes fentanyl.
Why is "the chemical" considered dangerous?
This drug poses severe health risks, including hallucinations, convulsions, multi-organ failure, and even death. Its unpredictable effects make it extremely hazardous.
How are Cuban authorities addressing the issue of "the chemical"?
Cuban authorities have conducted raids and arrests, and established the National Drug Observatory to monitor drug trends. However, public health approaches and awareness campaigns are also advocated by civil organizations.