Havana's streets have once again become the backdrop for disturbing scenes that highlight a growing yet often overlooked crisis: the consumption of synthetic drugs among young Cubans. Two recently circulated videos on social media reveal young individuals in a state of severe disorientation, allegedly under the influence of a high-risk drug known as "el químico," which has been spreading through the neighborhoods of the capital.
In one video, a young man is seen lying on the sidewalk, seemingly unconscious, while another sits beside him, eating pizza, unperturbed by his companion's condition. The narrator of the video highlights this unsettling situation with a common phrase, "Eso es el papelito, asere," referring to the drug that symbolizes the social decline among young people.
Another video, shared by Facebook user Lara LP, depicts a different young man completely disoriented, standing but bent forward, as if he had lost all sense of balance or control. This image resonates with previous scenes that have appeared with alarming regularity in recent months, showcasing the devastating impact of "el químico" on the body.
The issue is not new. In late April, another viral video showed a young man with uncontrollable movements, a bloodied face, and uncoordinated gestures, while passersby ignored him. The person recording the video criticized the lack of action, describing it as an "epidemic" and demanding a strong response from the government.
The Dangerous Rise of Synthetic Cannabinoids
Synthetic cannabinoids mimic some effects of cannabis but with far more aggressive consequences. Their clandestine production involves ingredients like formaldehyde, veterinary anesthetics, and plant remnants, making them highly toxic and unpredictable mixtures. Cuban doctors have warned of symptoms including seizures, severe hallucinations, and potential permanent neurological damage.
Despite the Cuban government's intensified surveillance and police operations against the trafficking and use of these substances—resulting in mass arrests and public trials—many in the civil society argue that a policy solely focused on repression is ineffective. The increasing number of videos online underscores a situation spiraling out of control, with images of young people semi-conscious or convulsing in public becoming commonplace.
Calls for Comprehensive Solutions
In response to public pressure, the Ministry of Justice announced the creation of the National Drug Observatory in February, aiming to identify new substances and issue early warnings. Nevertheless, doubts remain about its effectiveness and its exclusively punitive approach. Meanwhile, families of addicts, community activists, and concerned citizens are calling for a more comprehensive policy that includes mental health programs, educational campaigns, specialized medical care, and emergency protocols for intoxication cases.
The lack of information, coupled with the economic vulnerability of many young people, leaves a significant portion of the population exposed to increasingly dangerous substances. The recent videos not only highlight an individual tragedy but also reveal a slow-motion social collapse that demands immediate intervention. Every young person collapsing without help on a Cuban street is an alarm that cannot be ignored any longer.
Understanding the Drug Crisis in Cuba
What is "el químico" and why is it dangerous?
"El químico" is a synthetic drug that mimics some effects of cannabis but is far more dangerous due to its toxic and unpredictable ingredients like formaldehyde and veterinary anesthetics. It can cause severe health issues, including neurological damage and convulsions.
How is the Cuban government addressing the drug problem?
The Cuban government has increased police operations and created the National Drug Observatory to monitor and combat drug issues. However, critics argue that these measures focus too much on repression rather than comprehensive solutions.
What are the community's demands for tackling the drug crisis?
Community members are calling for holistic approaches that include mental health support, educational initiatives, and emergency response plans to effectively address the drug crisis beyond punitive measures.